The technology enables the separation and capture of bacteria/contaminants in biological fluids, medical water, food production/ processing water, portal water, followed by focused killing/ removal. It offers the advantages of controllable and multi-mode killing/removal mechanisms, efficient, tailor-made potential, advancing to graphene-based collaborated-firepower controlled destroy strategy.

Two anti-bacterial agents one (∼80 ppm) demonstrates efficient capture and effective killing of both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria (∼99%) upon near-infrared laser irradiation (in 10 min); whereas, the other smart one facilitates the adsorption and magnetic separation of aqueous Cr(VI), As(V), and Pb(II) (∼99%, down to 1 ppb), exhibits E. coli disinfection action (40 μg/L, ∼100%).

Hotels, restaurants, schools, hospitals, institutions, and public places provides drinking water services and uses safe business water, usually requiring additional water treatment systems to ensure safety are potential users this technology. The 2017 global antibiotic resistance market was estimated at US$7.81 billion. The 2016 global water treatment system market was valued at US$23.88 billion.